Engraving

Engraving Techniques and Tools

Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard surface using a burin.
It can be used to decorate objects like silver, gold, steel, or glass.
Engraving can also provide intaglio printing plates for printing images on paper.
Wood engraving and rock engravings are different forms of engraving.
Engravers use tools like burins, gravers, and Florentine liners to cut the design into the surface.
Tool geometry and sharpening are important for accuracy in hand engraving.
Modern engraving machines are used for lettering and inscriptions on various objects.

Design or artwork is prepared in advance, using techniques like hand drawing or computer-generated artwork.
Various methods are used to transfer designs, such as laser marking or using chemicals with inkjet or laser printouts.
Handpieces, in various shapes and power ranges, are used for pushing or manipulating the work-piece.
Knobs can be handmade from wood, molded from plastic, or machine-made from metals like brass or steel.
Modern pneumatic engraving systems have different handpiece designs.

Engraving is traditionally done by a combination of pressure and manipulating the work-piece.
Modern technology has brought mechanically assisted engraving systems.
Pneumatic engraving systems reduce the effort needed in traditional hand engraving.
Engravers use hand push, pneumatic, rotary, or hammer and chisel methods.

Finishing is necessary for metal that may rust or when a colored finish is desired.
Spray lacquers and finishing techniques are used to seal and protect the work.
Lightly sanding the surface removes small chips of metal called burrs.
Some engravers use black paints or inks to darken exposed metal areas.
Engraving is commonly used in jewelry, printing industry, sports trophies, and personalization.

Engraving has been practiced since ancient times, with evidence dating back to 540,000-430,000 years ago.
Engraving on bone, ivory, and rocks was common during the Upper Paleolithic period.
Engraving has been used to reproduce other forms of art, such as paintings, and was commonly used in newspapers and books.
Hand-engraving experienced a renaissance in the mid-20th century with the introduction of pneumatic systems.

Reference	URL
Glossary	https://harryandcojewellery.com.au/blogs/glossary/engraving
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engraving
Wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139106
Knowledge Graph	https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0dgpqk6