Deep carbon cycle – Harry & Co Jewellery

Deep Carbon Cycle and Carbon Distribution

The deep carbon cycle involves the movement of carbon through the Earth's mantle and core.
The deep Earth contains a significant amount of carbon, but it is not well understood due to its inaccessibility.
Laboratory simulations and seismology provide evidence of carbon movement in the deep Earth.
Over 90% of Earth's carbon may reside in the core, with the rest in the crust and mantle.
The upper mantle has lost a significant amount of carbon through evaporation and transport to the core.

Carbon enters the mantle through carbonate-rich sediments on tectonic plates.
Carbon cycling extends to the lower mantle.
Basaltic oceanic lithosphere transports carbon to the deep interior.
Carbonates descending to the lower mantle can form compounds like diamonds, magnesite, and graphite.
Carbonates undergo reduction and stabilization at depth by low oxygen fugacity environments.

Polymorphism affects the stability of carbonate compounds at different depths in the Earth.
Tetrahedrally-coordinated carbonates are most stable near the core-mantle boundary.
High pressures in the lower mantle cause carbon bonds to transition, resulting in tetrahedral bonding to oxygen.
Carbonate melt viscosity increases under high pressures, indicating large carbon deposits in the lower mantle.
Carbon outgassing occurs when carbonated mantle undergoes decompression melting and mantle plumes carry carbon compounds towards the crust.

Recent studies suggest large inventories of carbon could be stored in the Earth's core.
Seismic anomalies indicate the presence of light elements, including carbon, in the core.
Iron carbide (Fe3C) matches the inner core's sound and density velocities, suggesting the presence of carbon.
The core may hold up to 67% of Earth's carbon.
Carbon dissolved in iron forms a stable phase with the same composition as iron carbide.

Major fluxes of carbon to, from, and within Earth's exogenic and endogenic systems.
Maximum and minimum fluxes of carbon since 200 million years ago.
Boundaries such as the Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho) and lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) are highlighted in the Earth's carbon cycle.

Reference	URL
Glossary	https://harryandcojewellery.com.au/blogs/glossary/deep-carbon-cycle
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_carbon_cycle
Wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65091609
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