Titanium

Characteristics and Physical Properties

• Titanium has a high strength-to-weight ratio.
• It is a ductile and lustrous metal.
• The melting point of titanium is 1,668°C (3,034°F).
• It has low electrical and thermal conductivity compared to other metals.
• Titanium is superconducting below its critical temperature of 0.49K.
• Titanium is a silvery grey-white metallic element.
• It has a relatively low density and high strength.
• The metal is paramagnetic.
• Titanium has a high melting point of 1,668°C (3,034°F).
• It is less dense than steel but more than twice as strong as aluminium.

Chemical Properties

• Titanium forms a thin non-porous passivation layer upon exposure to air, protecting it from further oxidation.
• It is resistant to corrosion from oxidizing acids.
• Titanium dissolves in dilute hydrofluoric acid, hot hydrochloric acid, and hot sulfuric acid.
• The metal can withstand attack from dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, chloride solutions, and most organic acids.
• Titanium reacts with oxygen, chlorine, and other halogens.

Occurrence and Extraction

• Titanium is found in nature as an oxide.
• The element occurs in minerals such as rutile and ilmenite.
• It is widely distributed in the Earth's crust and lithosphere.
• Titanium is present in living things, bodies of water, rocks, and soils.
• The metal is extracted from its principal mineral ores using the Kroll and Hunter processes.

Applications

• Titanium is alloyed with other elements to produce strong and lightweight alloys.
• It is used in aerospace, military, and automotive industries.
• Titanium alloys are used in medical prostheses and dental implants.
• The metal is utilized in the production of sporting goods, jewelry, and mobile phones.
• Titanium's corrosion resistance and strength-to-density ratio make it versatile for various applications.

Miscellaneous

• Titanium has low electrical and thermal conductivity compared to other metals.
• Titanium is superconducting below its critical temperature of 0.49K.
• Titanium is resistant to corrosion from oxidizing acids.
• Titanium dissolves in dilute hydrofluoric acid, hot hydrochloric acid, and hot sulfuric acid.
• Titanium can withstand attack from dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, chloride solutions, and most organic acids.

Titanium Data Sources