Toughness
Definition and Measurement of Toughness
- Toughness is related to the area under the stress-strain curve.
- A material must be both strong and ductile to be tough.
- Brittle materials lack ductility and are not tough.
- Toughness indicates how much energy a material can absorb before rupturing.
- Toughness can be determined by integrating the stress-strain curve.
- The toughness of a material can be measured using a small specimen and a testing machine.
- The energy absorbed by the specimen during deformation is a measure of toughness.
- The Charpy and Izod notched impact strength tests are used to determine toughness.
- ASTM tests are typical methods used to determine toughness.
- Tensile toughness is measured in units of joule per cubic meter (J·m) or newton-meter per cubic meter (N·m·m).
- In US customary units, it is measured in inch-pound-force per cubic inch (in·lbf·in).
- The unit of tensile toughness can be calculated using the area under the stress-strain curve.
- Tensile toughness is the product of force per unit area and deformation per unit length.
- Tensile toughness is expressed as N·m·m or J·m.
Toughest Material
- An alloy made of chromium, cobalt, and nickel (CrCoNi) is currently the toughest material discovered.
- It resists fracturing even at extremely cold temperatures close to absolute zero.
- The CrCoNi alloy is being considered for use in building spacecraft.
- The toughness of the material allows it to withstand high stresses and strains.
- The alloy's composition provides a balance of strength and ductility.
Relationship to Hardness
- Hardness is another material property related to toughness.
Techniques and Studies Related to Toughness
- Rubber toughening is a technique used to improve the toughness of materials.
- Shock mechanics studies the behavior of materials under sudden impact or load.
- Tablet hardness testing is a method to determine the hardness and toughness of tablets.
Toughness Data Sources
Reference | URL |
---|---|
Glossary | https://harryandcojewellery.com.au/blogs/glossary/toughness |
Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toughness |
Wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486802 |
Knowledge Graph | https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/032rwr |