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Article: Toughness

Toughness

Definition and Measurement of Toughness

  • Toughness is related to the area under the stress-strain curve.
  • A material must be both strong and ductile to be tough.
  • Brittle materials lack ductility and are not tough.
  • Toughness indicates how much energy a material can absorb before rupturing.
  • Toughness can be determined by integrating the stress-strain curve.
  • The toughness of a material can be measured using a small specimen and a testing machine.
  • The energy absorbed by the specimen during deformation is a measure of toughness.
  • The Charpy and Izod notched impact strength tests are used to determine toughness.
  • ASTM tests are typical methods used to determine toughness.
  • Tensile toughness is measured in units of joule per cubic meter (J·m) or newton-meter per cubic meter (N·m·m).
  • In US customary units, it is measured in inch-pound-force per cubic inch (in·lbf·in).
  • The unit of tensile toughness can be calculated using the area under the stress-strain curve.
  • Tensile toughness is the product of force per unit area and deformation per unit length.
  • Tensile toughness is expressed as N·m·m or J·m.

Toughest Material

  • An alloy made of chromium, cobalt, and nickel (CrCoNi) is currently the toughest material discovered.
  • It resists fracturing even at extremely cold temperatures close to absolute zero.
  • The CrCoNi alloy is being considered for use in building spacecraft.
  • The toughness of the material allows it to withstand high stresses and strains.
  • The alloy's composition provides a balance of strength and ductility.

Relationship to Hardness

  • Hardness is another material property related to toughness.

Techniques and Studies Related to Toughness

  • Rubber toughening is a technique used to improve the toughness of materials.
  • Shock mechanics studies the behavior of materials under sudden impact or load.
  • Tablet hardness testing is a method to determine the hardness and toughness of tablets.

Toughness Data Sources

Reference URL
Glossary https://harryandcojewellery.com.au/blogs/glossary/toughness
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toughness
Wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486802
Knowledge Graph https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/032rwr

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