Scratch hardness

Definition and Importance of Scratch Hardness

Scratch hardness refers to the resistance of a material to scratches and abrasion by a harder material drawn forcefully over its surface.
It is measured using a sclerometer and is less affected by surface variations compared to indentation methods.
Scratch hardness tests have been used for a long time to quantify materials.
Friedrich Mohs developed the first scientific attempt to measure scratch hardness in 1812, known as the Mohs scale.
The Mohs scale is based on the relative scratch hardness of different materials, with talc assigned a value of 1 and diamond assigned a value of 10.

The Mohs scale had two limitations: it was not linear and most modern abrasives fall between 9 and 10 on the scale.
Raymond R. Ridgway modified the Mohs scale by giving garnet a hardness of 10 and diamond a hardness of 15.
Charles E. Wooddell extended the scale further by using resistance to abrasion and extrapolating the scale based on 7 for quartz and 9 for corundum.
Wooddell's scale resulted in a value of 42.4 for South American brown diamond bort.
There is a linear relationship between cohesive energy density and Wooddell wear resistance, occurring between corundum (H=9) and diamond (H=42.5).

Scratch hardness test refers to any of a number of methods used to measure scratch hardness.
These methods aim to quantify the resistance of a material to scratches and abrasion.
The sclerometer is commonly used to measure scratch hardness.
The scratch test involves forcefully drawing a harder material over the surface of the material being tested.
The results of the scratch hardness test can provide valuable information about the durability and wear resistance of materials.

Scratch hardness testing is widely used in various industries, including materials science, engineering, and manufacturing.
It is used to assess the hardness, durability, and wear resistance of materials.
Scratch hardness tests help in the selection of appropriate materials for specific applications.
The results of scratch hardness tests can be used to compare and rank different materials based on their resistance to scratches and abrasion.
Scratch hardness testing is crucial in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and construction, where materials need to withstand harsh conditions.

Ongoing research aims to improve the accuracy and precision of scratch hardness testing methods.
Scientists are exploring new techniques and instruments to measure scratch hardness.
The scalability of scratching for different probes and depths opens new avenues for miniaturization and extracting fracture properties of materials at smaller length scales.
The relationship between scratch hardness and other material properties, such as fracture toughness, is an area of active research.
Advances in scratch hardness testing can contribute to the development of more durable and wear-resistant materials for various applications.

Reference	URL
Glossary	https://harryandcojewellery.com.au/blogs/glossary/scratch-hardness
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scratch_hardness
Wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125523
Knowledge Graph	https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0x2cbcg